一种无线传感器网络异构分簇模型的簇头调度方案

将无线传感器网络划分成簇会有效利用系统资源，近来提出的基于异构分簇模型的无线传感器网络，是指网络中存在多种不同能力的节点，能力强的节点自动成为簇头，这种网络避免了复杂的簇头选举过程并有效降低了普通节点的硬件复杂性和成本。但是，固定簇头的方法会削弱系统的负载均衡以及健壮性。为了解决这个问题，提出了一种基于自适应退避策略的簇头调度方案，该方案通过适当增加冗余度实现传感节点的k覆盖，增强了网络的健壮性。同时，依赖于地理信息和剩余电池能量信息，簇头节点通过自主周期性睡眠来保证系统负载的均衡分配，延长网络生存期。

A Head Scheduling Mechanism in Heterogeneous Cluster-based Wireless Sensor Networks

Organizing wireless sensor networks into clusters enables the efficient utilization of the limited energy resources of the deployed sensor nodes. If the network is organized into heterogeneous clusters, where some more powerful nodes take on the cluster head role to control network operation, it is important to ensure that energy dissipation of these cluster heads and ＂critical sensor nodes＂ is balanced. We propose a Cluster Head Scheduling scheme to determine which cluster head should be turned off or on. The proposed mechanism is based on the coverage information as well as residual battery power, which can lead to more uniform energy dissipation among cluster head nodes and critical sensor nodes, thus increasing network lifetime. Moreover, the proposed scheme strengthens the robustness of heterogeneous sensor networks.