用R290与R152a混和制冷剂替代R22

R22（俗称氟利昂）因在空调温区内具有优越的物理特性和热力循环性能，在制冷空调领域得到了广泛应用，但由于其会引起臭氧层破坏和温室效应，因此按照《蒙特利尔议定书》和《京都议定书》的规定将被停止生产和禁用。目前替代R22应用比较广泛的是R407C和R410A。文章提出了一种由丙烷R290和二氟乙烷R152a组成的混和制冷剂来替代R22，通过分析该混和制冷剂的环境影响指数、温度滑移特性、热力学特性、安全特性和润滑油等问题，经理论循环计算并与R407C和R410A进行了对比，结果认为：由质量分数为65％的R290和质量分数为35％的R152a组成的混和制冷剂是一种对环境危害很小，温度滑移很小，具有合适的压比和性能系数（COP），润滑特性很好的优良近共沸制冷剂，用于替代R22各项指标均优于R407C和R410A。

SUBSTITUTE R22 WITH MIXED REFRIGERANT OF R290 AND R152A 1)

R22 (called Frcon) is widely used in air condition field because it has excellent physical property and thermal cycle ability in air condition units. But it will lead the damage of ozone layer and the effect of greenhouse. It will be forced to stop production and utilization according to Montreal Protocol and Kyoto Protocol. R407C and R410A are usually used as alternatives of R22 now. The article suggests substituting R22 with the mixed refrigerant of R290 and R152a. The environment influence index, the characteristics of temperature slippage, the features of thermodynamics and-safety, and the lubrication etc. are analyzed for the mixed refrigerant. With theoretical cycle calculation, comparing with R407C and R410A, it is found the mixed refrigerant with mass ratio of 65% R290 and 35% R152a is an excellent near-azeotropic refrigerant which has less harm to environment, small temperature slippage, proper pressure coefficient and COP, and good lubrication. So it is a better alternative for R22 than R407C and R410A.