固定式光伏支架可承受荷载有限元分析

针对固定式光伏支架,使用实测的材料属性和三维线性开口梁单元进行有限元模拟分析。基于实测方法,通过简易横梁验证有限元模拟的准确性。根据有限元模拟结果,确定支架在正常使用极限状态下可承受的荷载。然后分别探究横梁间距、立柱数量、前后立柱间距对可承受荷载的影响,结果表明立柱数量的影响最显著,随着立柱数量增多,荷载更加均匀地分布到整个支架上,可承受荷载增加,平均每增加一对立柱,提升约1953 N;随着横梁间距的增加,中间两根横梁受到立柱的支撑效果减小,受载时局部挠曲变形增加,可承受荷载下降;前后立柱间距的变化主要影响支架受载均匀性,在间距为斜梁水平投影长度的50%时,挠曲变形较均匀地分布于4根横梁上,支架可承受荷载最大。

FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF ALLOWABLE LOAD OF FIXED PHOTOVOLTAIC BRACKETS

For the fixed photovoltaic brackets, finite element simulations were carried out by using the experimental material properties and three-dimensional linear open beam elements. The accuracy of finite element simulation was verified by a simple beam based on actual measurement. According to the finite element simulation results, allowable load in serviceability limit state of brackets was determined. Subsequently, the influences of beam spacings, support columns number and column distances on allowable load were investigated respectively. Results show that the number of columns has the most significant effect on allowable load. With the increase of the number, the load is more evenly distributed on the whole bracket, and allowable load increases. On average, each additional pair of columns increases allowable load by about 1953 N. With the increase of beam spacing, supporting effect of the middle two beams by the column decreases, the local deflection increases and allowable load decreases. The variation of distance between front and rear columns mainly affects the load uniformity. When the distance is 50% of oblique beam horizontal projection length, the deflection is evenly distributed on the four beams, and the allowable load reaches maximum.