用于油气勘探的电代油驱动装置系统设计与分析

为满足碳中和背景下油气勘探企业对清洁、经济、高可靠性生产的需求，设计了基于双兆瓦级交流异步电动机变频调速的新型电代油驱动装置。采用模块化思想，设计了高压变电、低压传动分体模块箱式结构，提高了电代油驱动装置调度使用的便捷性，其中高压变电模块采用十二脉整流变压器，实现了在变频器成本无显著增加的前提下仅变压器成本增加25%，大幅节省了无功补偿成本，尤其是在场用电占比低的大功率钻进段，该装置的实测功率因数达0.95以上。针对双电机协同控制可能存在负荷不均衡的问题，设计了基于主从控制结构的PLC(programmable logic controller，可编程逻辑控制器)控制系统，并采用转速匹配控制结合变频器下垂控制的方法，实现了将电机转速偏差控制在10%以内；同时，所设计的控制系统支持多地操作以及现场数据远程监控，提高了电代油驱动装置的可靠性。试运行结果表明，所设计的电代油驱动装置满足实际工程需求，相较于传统柴油驱动装置，每月可节省52%的成本和减少27%的二氧化碳(CO₂)排放。所设计的装置在油气勘探节能领域具有一定的实用价值。

System design and analysis of electricity-replace-oil driving device for oil and gas exploration

In order to meet the needs of oil and gas exploration enterprises for clean, economic and highly reliable production under the background of carbon neutralization, a new electricity-replace-oil driving device based on the variable frequency speed regulation of two megawatt alternating current asynchronous motors was designed. Based on the modularization idea, the split modular box structure for high-voltage transformer and low-voltage transmission was designed,which improved the convenience of dispatch and use of the electricity-replace-oil driving device. The high-voltage transformer module was adopted the twelve-pulse rectifier transformer, which realized that only the transformer cost increased by 25% under the premise of no significant increase in the inverter cost, so as to greatly save the reactive power compensation cost. Especially in the high-power drilling section where the proportion of on-site electricity consumption was low, the measured power factor of the device was over 0.95. Aiming at the problem of unbalanced load in the dual-motor cooperative control, a PLC (programmable logic controller) control system based on the master-slave control structure was designed, and the speed matching control was combined with the converter droop control to control the motor speed deviation within 10%; at the same time, the designed control system could support the multi-place operation and remote monitoring of field data, which improved the reliability of the electricity-replace-oil driving device. The test run results showed that the designed electricity-replace-oil driving device could meet the actual engineering needs; compared with the traditional diesel driving device, it could save cost by 52% and reduce the carbon dioxide (CO₂) emission by 27% per month. The designed device has certain practical value in the field of energy conservation in oil and gas exploration.