粤港澳大湾区三生功能识别及耦合协调度诊断

识别国土空间三生功能(生产、生态与生活)状态并诊断其耦合协调度是国土空间规划调控的重要依据之一。以自然资源部2020年版Globeland30最新数据产品为基础，采用地表覆盖分类与三生功能映射法，结合国内生产总值、常住人口规模和生态服务价值3个综合性当量对粤港澳大湾区33个标准地域单元进行了三生功能评价与耦合协调度诊断。结果表明：大湾区生产功能指数位于0.347~0.969，生产功能较高的单元主要位于大湾区核心地带，特别是香港、深圳、东莞、广州南部、佛山东部、中山、珠海和澳门沿线区域；生活功能指数位于0.342~0.974，其整体与生产功能格局相似，但排名存在位序差异，说明各个单元的国内生产总值和常住人口规模并不完全正相关；生态功能指数位于0.306~0.952，基本呈现出与生产和生活功能截然相反的空间格局，但香港例外。从三生功能累积指数来看，大湾区整体并未呈现出从湾区核心向外围逐步衰减的趋势，低值区出现在核心圈层与边远圈层之间；从三生功能耦合协调度诊断来看，大湾区没有不协调单元，其中15个单元基本协调，17个单元中度协调，而高度协调发展的只有中国香港。从国土空间三生功能协调发展视角分析了大湾区的三生功能以及耦合协调度等多个指数，诊断结果可为大湾区发展实施精细化调控提供相关依据。

Identification of Production-Living-Ecological Functions and Diagnosis of their Coupling Coordination Degree in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

Identifying the production, living and ecological functions of territorial space and diagnosing their coupling and coordination degree is one of the important scientific bases for the implementation of precise policy of territorial spatial planning. Based on the latest Globeland 30_2020 land cover data provided by the Ministry of Natural Resources of China, space to functions mapping method was adopted to evaluate the initial production, living and ecological functions. Then the gross domestic product (GDP), permanent population size (PRP) and ecological service value (ESV) were used to modify the production, living and ecological functions respectively. A total of 33 standard geographical units of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) were identified and diagnosed, and the results showed that: the production function index of GBA ranged from 0.347 to 0.969. The units with higher production functions were mainly located in the core area of GBA, especially in the regions along the routes of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Dongguan, southern Guangzhou, eastern Foshan, Zhongshan, Zhuhai and Macao. The index of living functions ranged from 0.342 to 0.974, which was similar to the pattern of production functions on the whole, but there were slight differences in the specific ranking, indicating that the GDP of each unit was not positively correlated with the size of PRP. The ecological function index was between 0.306 and 0.952, which basically showed a spatial pattern completely opposite to the production and living functions, but there were some exceptions such as Hong Kong. From the perspective of cumulative index, the overall production-living-ecological functions of GBA does not gradually decline from the core circle to the periphery circle of GBA, the low value area appears in the middle circle. Coupling and coordination degree diagnosis shows that there are no disharmonious units in GBA, 15 units in basic coordination and 17 units in moderate coordination. However, among all of them, only Hong Kong has a highly coordinated development. From the perspective of coordinated development of production, living and ecological functions in territorial space, the diagnostic results can be used in implementing precise policies like "one city, one policy" for GBA to achieve high quality and high level of development.