风电叶片子部件测试平台构建及拉挤板材力学特性研究

为探究风电叶片强度测试体系与拉挤板材力学行为,首先提出一种用于风电叶片金字塔结构测试技术,提出子部件试验新概念;其次进行子部件测试平台机械结构、液压系统及控制方案的设计,并利用有限元分析进行验证;最后基于所设计测试平台对子部件,即拉挤板材进行静力试验。结果表明：风电叶片金字塔结构的测试方案准确可行;部件试验设备最大应力发生在加载支架后梁,最大应力为242.5 MPa,最大位移为1.049 mm,未超其结构应力应变极限;拉挤板材破坏载荷为800 kN,失效变形形态包括弹性、屈服和断裂3个阶段,有限元分析数据与试验结果吻合较好,最终结果可为全尺寸叶片测试局部失效状况提供数据参考。

CONSTRUCTION OF TEST PLATFORM FOR WIND TURBINE BLADE SUB-COMPONENTS AND RESEARCH ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF PULTRUDED SHEETS

In order to investigate the strength testing system of wind turbine blades and the mechanical behavior of pultrusion plate, firstly, a testing technique for wind turbine blade pyramid structure was proposed, and a new concept of sub-component testing was proposed. Secondly, the mechanical structure, hydraulic system and control scheme of the sub component test facility are designed and verified by finite element analysis. Finally, the static loading tests are performed on subcomponents, i.e. pultruded sheets, based on the designed test facility. Test results showed that the test scheme of wind turbine blade pyramid structure is accurate and feasible; the maximum stress of the component test facility occurs in the rear beam of the loading bracket, the maximum stress is 242.5 MPa, and the maximum displacement is 1.049 mm, which does not exceed its structural stress-strain limit; the damage load of the pultruded plate is 800 kN, the failure deformation pattern includes three stages of elasticity, yielding and fracture. The FEA data are in good agreement with the test results, and the final results can provide data reference for testing the local failure condition of the full-size blade.