环形油腔液体静压推力轴承动态特性的影响因素研究

液体静压推力轴承的动态特性直接决定了其运行状态的稳定性，而油腔结构和节流方式是影响其动态特性的重要因素。为此，基于小扰动法将环形油腔液体静压推力轴承的Reynolds方程分解成动态方程和静态方程，分别求解得到小孔和毛细管节流方式下其油膜刚度和阻尼系数的解析表达式。同时，通过开展油膜刚度测量实验来验证理论计算结果的正确性，两者之间的相对误差小于15%。理论计算结果显示：对于液体静压推力轴承，环形油腔优于圆形油腔，小孔节流优于毛细管节流。通过分析油腔面积和油腔位置对小孔节流环形油腔液体静压推力轴承油膜刚度和阻尼系数的影响规律发现，当内、外径等基本结构参数确定时，调整油腔的面积和位置可以有效优化该轴承的动态特性系数。研究结果有助于以动态特性为目标的液体静压推力轴承的结构优化设计。

Study on influencing factors of dynamic characteristics of annular recess hydrostatic thrust bearing

The dynamic characteristics of hydrostatic thrust bearing directly determine the stability of its operating state, and the recess structure and throttling pattern are important factors affecting its dynamic characteristics. Therefore, based on the small perturbation method, the Reynolds equation of annular recess hydrostatic thrust bearing was decomposed into dynamic equation and static equation, and then the analytical expressions of its oil film stiffness and damping coefficient under the throttling patterns of orifice and capillary were obtained. At the same time, the correctness of theoretical calculation results was verified by oil film stiffness measurement experiment, which showed that the relative error was less than 15%. The theoretical calculation results showed that： for the hydrostatic thrust bearing, the annular recess was better than the circular recess, and the orifice throttling was better than the capillary throttling. By analyzing the influence of the area and position of recess on the oil film stiffness and damping coefficient of annular recess hydrostatic thrust bearing with orifice throttling, it was found that when the internal and external diameters and other basic structural parameters were determined, the dynamic characteristic coefficients of this bearing could be effectively optimized by adjusting the area and position of recess. The research results were conducive to the structural optimization design of hydrostatic thrust bearings with dynamic characteristics as target.