基于InSAR与多源数据融合的堆石坝外观变形重构

为了满足200~300 m级堆石坝变形监测的需求，弥补利用单轨道合成孔径雷达 （SAR）数据只能测得地物视线向与方位向二维变形的不足，基于集合卡尔曼滤波将合成孔径雷达干涉（InSAR）观测与常规点式监测数据进行跨尺度融合，提高堆石坝外观变形的监测精度；利用多维度监测数据，重构堆石坝外观变形场. 以水布垭面板堆石坝为例进行研究，结果表明，多源数据融合能够实现“大范围、低精度、高效率”的新型监测技术与“离散点、高精度、低效率”的常规监测技术的优势互补. 基于多维度监测数据重构外观变形场能够全面地掌握堆石坝的整体变形性态，降低单维度监测结果对实际变形漏判或误判的可能性. 该方法可以用于库岸边坡的变形监测和变形场重构.

Exterior deformation reconstruction of rockfill dam based on InSAR and multi-source data fusion

In order to meet the demand for deformation monitoring of rockfill dams of 200 m to 300 m, and to compensate for the deficiencies of using single-track synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data that can only measure two-dimensional deformation in the line of sight and azimuth directions, interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) measurements and conventional point monitoring data were fused across scales based on ensemble Kalman filtering to improve the monitoring accuracy of rockfill dam exterior deformation and multi-dimensional monitoring data were used to reconstruct exterior deformation field. Shuibuya concrete-face rockfill dam was taken as an example, and results show that the new monitoring technology with characteristic of “large range, low accuracy and high efficiency” and the conventional monitoring technology with characteristic of “discrete points, high accuracy and low efficiency” can complement each other through multi-source data fusion. By reconstructing the exterior deformation field based on multi-dimensional monitoring data, the overall deformation state of the rockfill dam can be comprehensively grasped and the possibility of missing or misjudging the actual deformation by using single-dimensional monitoring results can be reduced. The method can also be used for deformation monitoring and exterior deformation field reconstruction of the reservoir bank slopes.