风剪切下塔影效应对水平轴风力机叶片及风轮气动载荷的影响

采用CFD方法,以NH1500三叶片大型水平轴风力机为研究对象,研究额定风速剪切来流下的塔影效应对水平轴风力机叶片和风轮非定常气动载荷的影响。结果表明：剪切来流下,叶片和风轮的气动载荷均呈余弦变化规律,塔影效应的主要影响叶片方位角范围为160°~210°,且该范围不随风剪切指数的变化而变化。相同风剪切指数下,塔影效应对叶片和风轮气动载荷的均方根影响较小,对其波动影响较大。当风剪切指数从0.12增至0.30时,塔影效应下,叶片气动载荷的均方根减小,推力和转矩的波动幅度增大,偏航力矩和倾覆力矩的波动幅度减小;风轮推力和转矩的均方根减小,波动幅度变化较小,而倾覆力矩和偏航力矩的均方根增大,且波动幅度也增大。

INFLUENCE OF TOWER SHADOW EFFECT ON AERODYNAMIC LOAD OF BLADE AND ROTOR OF HORIZONTAL AXIS WIND TURBINES UNDER WIND SHEAR

A CFD method is used to study the influence of tower shadow effect on the non-constant aerodynamic loads of the horizontal axis wind turbine blades and wind turbine wheels under shear incoming flow at rated wind speed, using the NH1500 three-blade large horizontal axis wind turbine as the research object. The results show that： the aerodynamic loads of both the blade and the wind turbine under shear incoming flow show a cosine variation law, and the main influence of the tower shadow effect on the blade azimuth range is 160°-210°, and the range does not vary with the wind shear index. Under the same wind shear index, the tower shadow effect has a smaller effect on the root mean square of the aerodynamic loads of the blade and wind turbine, and a larger effect on its fluctuation. When the wind shear index increases from 0.12 to 0.30, the root mean square of blade aerodynamic loads decreases, the fluctuation of thrust and torque increases, and the fluctuation of yaw moment and overturning moment decreases under the tower shadow effect; the root mean square of wind turbine thrust and torque is small and the fluctuation is less,while the root mean square of yaw moment and overturning moment increases and the fluctuation also increases.