低阶煤电化学氧化制腐植酸的研究进展

目的  随着可再生能源的大力发展，“双碳”背景下低阶煤的清洁高效利用不仅提高了资源利用率、经济价值，更具有重大的社会意义。褐煤、风化煤等低阶煤是煤基腐植酸的主要来源，腐植酸因具有弱酸性、氧化还原性、生理活性等特性，用途广泛。然而直接提取方式难以实现煤中腐植酸的高效提取，通常需经氧化预处理来提高腐植酸的产率。 方法  文章首先简述了腐植酸的性质和应用；然后，介绍了传统的化学氧化的工艺过程、原理和特点，综述了新型低阶煤电化学氧化方法及优势；最后，对低阶煤电化学制腐植酸进行了展望，以期为低阶煤制取腐植酸提供参考。 结果  电化学氧化法具有条件温和、反应易于控制、产率高、减少环境污染等优点，是一种比较有前景制备腐植酸的方法。 结论  采用可再生电力驱动的电化学氧化实现低阶煤中腐植酸的高效提取是实现低阶煤非燃料高附加值利用的途径之一。

Research Progress on Electro-Chemical Oxidation of Low-Rank Coal to Humic Acid

  Introduction  With the vigorous development of renewable energy, clean and efficient utilization of low-rank coal not only improves resource utilization and economic value but also has great social significance. Low-rank coals such as lignite and weathered coal are the main sources of coal-based humic acid, humic acid is widely used because of its weak acidity, redox, and physiological activity, however, direct extraction is difficult to achieve efficient extraction of humic acid in coal, which usually requires oxidation pretreatment to improve the yield of humic acid.   Method  Firstly, the properties and applications of humic acid were introduced; then, the process, principle, and characteristics of traditional chemical oxidation were introduced, and the new low-rank coal electrochemical oxidation methods and advantages were summarized. Finally, the prospect of electro-chemical humic acid production from low-rank coal was prospected to provide a reference for the preparation of humic acid from low-rank coal.   Result  Electrochemical oxidation method has the advantages of mild conditions, easy control of reaction, high yield, and reduction of environmental pollution. It is a relatively promising method for the preparation of humic acid.   Conclusion   The efficient extraction of humic acid from low-rank coal by electrochemical oxidation driven by renewable power is one of the ways to achieve high value-added utilization of non-fuel in low-rank coal.