新食品原料食叶草的安全性评估

目的 系统评估食叶草的食用安全性.方法 依据现行《新食品原料安全性审查管理办法》的规定,对食叶草开展成分分析(营养成分、可能存在的天然有毒物质)、卫生学检验(重金属、农药残留)、毒理学试验[包括急性经口毒性试验、三项遗传毒性试验(Ames试验、哺乳动物红细胞微核试验和小鼠精母细胞染色体畸变试验)、90 d经口毒性试验和...

Safety evaluation of edible dock as a new food raw material

Objective To evaluate the food safety of edible dock systematically. Methods According to the current regulations of Administrative measures for safety review of new food materials, a series of study on the edible dock were performed, such as composition analysis (including nutritional composition and possible natural toxic substances), hygienic tests (heavy metals, pesticide residues), and toxicological tests [including acute oral toxicity test, three genetic toxicity tests (Ames test, mammalian red blood cell micronucleus test and mouse spermatocyte chromosome aberration test), 90 d oral toxicity test and teratogenicity test]. Combined with the population, history of consumption and the survey results of adverse reactions, the safety of leaf-eating grass as a new food raw material was comprehensively evaluated under the condition of the recommended daily intake of 50 g for adults (except pregnant women and lactating mothers). Results The edible dock was rich in protein (3.42 g/100 g) and potassium (0.489 g/100 g), and the content of crude polysaccharides and total flavonoids contained in biologically active substances was 348.9 mg/100 g and 40.67 mg/100 g, respectively. The content of anthraquinone was 1.29 mg/100 g. Assuming that the adult''s body weight was 60 kg and the recommended daily intake of edible dock was 50.0 g, the amount of anthraquinone ingested by eating edible dock was 0.011 mg/kg BW, which was far less than the no observed adverse effect level of it (31.3 mg/kg BW). The content of oxalic acid (0.32 g/100 g) was lower than that of spinach and other vegetables. The detection values of pesticides and heavy metals conformed to the provisions of China national food safety standards. The results of acute oral toxicity tests indicated that the edible dock power was actually non-toxic. The results of three genotoxicity tests were negative. The 90 d oral toxicity tests showed that the no observed adverse effect level of edible dock power was 8.0 g/kg BW, and the results of teratogenicity test showed that there was no teratogenicity on SD rats at the experimental dose. No adverse reactions were reported in the population survey of edible dock and its products. Conclusion According to the daily intake of Chinese adults (except pregnant women and lactating mothers) is not more than 50.0 g, as a new food raw material, the edible dock poses a low potential risk to the health of adults.