城市区域电动汽车充电设施配置优化

综合考虑公共充电设施与私人充电设施特性，根据行程时间、排队时间、等待时间、充电费用等计算车辆充电成本. 采用Logit模型刻画用户的充电设施选择行为，得到各交通小区到各公共充电站、私人充电桩的出行分布量. 以充电总成本最小化为目标，建立城市区域充电设施网络配置优化模型，设计充电设施的布局位置和容量；所得模型为非线性优化模型，可采用现有的求解器（如：Matlab优化工具箱中的相关函数）直接进行求解. 基于杭州市区内的局部路网构建2套算例，来验证提出的充电设施配置优化方法的可行性，并讨论研究区域内外公共充电设施与私人充电设施之间的交互影响. 算例结果显示：所建立的模型可为城市电动汽车充电设施的选址布局和容量设计提供定量决策参考.

Configuration optimization of electric vehicle charging facilities in urban areas

Considering the characteristics of public charging facilities and private charging facilities, the compositions of vehicle charging costs were first elaborated, including vehicle travel time, queuing time, waiting time and charging fee. A Logit model was employed to describe users’ choice behaviors of charging facilities, in order to obtain the charging distribution from each traffic analysis zone to public charging stations and private charging piles. To minimize users ’ total charging cost, an optimization model was built to optimize the configurations of charging facilities in urban areas, which could simultaneously optimize the locations and capacities of public and private charging facilities. The model was in form of a nonlinear program, which could be solved by existing solvers, such as the optimization toolbox provided in Matlab. Two numerical examples based on a portion of Hangzhou network were carried out to demonstrate the proposed approach, and to discuss the interactions of public and private facilities inside and outside of the study area. The numerical test results show that the proposed model has the potential to provide quantitative decision references to optimize the locations and capacities of electric charging facilities in urban areas.