基于CFD的挑流泄洪雾化特性研究

针对泄洪雾化影响范围不易采用数学模型直接模拟的问题,以某高坝电站泄洪为研究对象,先采用三维数学模型计算挑流水舌入水流速、入水角度等水力特征值,再基于此特征值选用原型观测校正后的计算公式预报泄洪雾化范围,并通过物理模型试验对计算结果进行验证分析。结果表明,受比尺效应影响,物理模型试验预测的雾化影响范围小于公式计算的范围,但两者的变化趋势一致;雾流受惯性力和水舌风作用,沿水舌轴线做爬坡运动,与原型观测现象一致;受出口挑流影响,泄洪雾化影响集中在水舌落入点的下游,而水垫塘上游、右岸降雨强度较小,影响范围有限。

Study on characteristics of flood discharge atomization of ski-jump jet based on CFD

Aiming at the problem that the influence range for flood discharge atomization is not easy to be directly modeled by mathematical models, flood discharge from a high dam power station was taken as a study object, in which a three-dimensional mathematical model was used to calculate the hydraulic characteristic values such as the flow velocity and the jet angle into water. The empirical formula of the prototype observation was used to predict the flooding atomization range, and a physical model test was used for verification analysis. The results show that, affected by the scale effect, the influence range of the physical model atomization test is smaller than the calculation range but with a similar variation trend. The fog flow is affected by inertia and water tongue wind, revealing a climbing movement along the water tongue axis, which is consistent with the prototype measurement. Affected by the ski-jump jet at the outlet, the flood discharge atomization effect is concentrated downstream of the water tongue drop point. The upstream and right banks of the plunge pool have a small rainfall intensity with a limited influence range.