碎软煤层干式定向钻孔控尘技术研究

针对目前碎软煤层干式定向钻孔产尘量大、粉尘扩散严重的问题,提出一种钻孔孔口非接触式控尘技术方案,设计并研制出集尘罩样机。对集尘罩与钻杆间隙宽度、密封装置气缝宽度、控尘气幕压力等影响控尘效果的工艺参数进行了试验研究,得到了最佳控尘效果的工艺参数。研究结果表明,当钻杆与集尘罩间隙宽度为2.0 mm、气缝宽度为0.2 mm、排渣气体压力为0.3 MPa、控尘气幕压力为0.5 MPa时,粉尘质量浓度由540 mg/m³降低到15 mg/m³,控尘效率达97.2%。现场应用结果表明,使用集尘罩后控尘效率达到98.3%,取得了较好的控尘效果。

Research on dust control technology of dry directional drilling in soft-fragmentized coal seam

In view of the problem that dry directional drilling of soft-fragmentized coal seam produces large amount of dust and serious dust diffusion,a non-contact dust control technology scheme for drilling holes was proposed,and a prototype of dust collection cover was designed and developed.The process parameters affecting the dust control effect,such as the gap width between the dust collection cover and the drill rod,the air gap width of the sealing device,and the pressure of the dust control air curtain,were studied experimentally,and the optimum process parameters were obtained in this paper.The research results show that:when the gap width between the drill rod and the dust collection cover is 2.0 mm,the air gap width is 0.2 mm,the slag discharge gas pressure is 0.3 MPa,and the pressure of the dust control air curtain is 0.5 MPa,the dust mass concentration is reduced from 540 mg/m³ to 15 mg/m³,the dust control efficiency reaches 97.2%.The field application results show that the dust control efficiency can reach 98.3%after using the dust collection cover,and the dust control effect is good.