面向AGC的变速变桨风电机组有功功率控制策略

随着风电的大规模、高渗透率接入电网,未来的电网调度迫切需要风电电源具备传统电源的有功功率稳定输出特性和调节性能。为此,面向自动发电控制(AGC)的风机有功功率控制(APC)已经成为当前风电机组主控策略的研究热点之一。目前,APC的实现方法主要包括基于桨距角调节的功率控制(PAC)和基于转速调节的功率控制(RSC)。基于对风机能量平衡关系的分析,总结了上述2种APC策略的实现原理,并利用FAST软件对控制方法和控制指令进行了仿真比较。仿真表明:相较于PAC方法,RSC方法具有更为平稳的有功功率输出;而且在低风速时,由于利用风轮的动能缓冲,RSC方法能够有效减少变桨机构的动作频率和动作幅度;但在高风速时,2种控制方法都需要频繁的变桨。此外,功率指令的设定对于APC控制效果的影响也是不容忽视的。

Review of Active Power Control Strategy for Variable-speed Variable-pitch Wind Turbine Participating in AGC

With large-scale and high penetration level wind integration,stable and adjustable active power output of wind energy conversion systems like traditional power sources is an urgent requirement for the future power grid operation and dispatch.Active power control (APC) for wind turbines participating in automatic generation control (AGC) has become one of the highly-concerned issues in the main control strategy research of wind turbine.Existing APC methods mainly include the output power control base on the pitch angle control (PAC) and the rotor speed control (RSC).Base on the analysis on energy balance of wind turbine,the principles of the aforementioned APC strategies are summarized in this paper.Then,the performance of PAC and RSC are compared by simulations on the FAST (Fatigue,Aerodynamics,Structures,and Turbulence) code.Results show that RSC possesses a more stable active power output as compared with PAC.Because of the energy buffer of rotor inertia,the frequency and amplitude of pitch angle manipulation can be effectively reduced at low wind speed by RSC method.However,both methods require frequent pitch angle adjustment at high wind speed.It is also pointed out that the power reference exerts a significant influence upon APC performance.