计算流体力学在现代建筑消防设计中的应用

随着现代建筑的发展 ,以往为保证建筑安全而制订的处方式消防规范对建筑设计的自由发挥带来许多有争议的限制 ,从 2 0世纪 80年代末开始 ,各发达国家开始重新审视消防设计管理体制 ,推出了“性能化”设计体系。“性能化”设计体系的原意为“表现性”设计 ,它不简单照搬以前消防设计的技术要求 ,而是依据每一栋新建筑的设计和火灾原理及疏散的具体情况来模拟火灾时建筑的防灾能力 ,消防设计也从各个系统分支向总体集成发展。在模拟火灾的过程中 ,火灾的烟气扩散模拟是最主要的一个分支 ,而烟气扩散模拟依赖计算流体力学来实现 ,因此 ,计算流体力学也成为“性能化设计”的主要工具之一 ,随着现代计算机技术的发展 ,计算流体力学在建筑消防设计中也将发挥越来越重要的角色。结合实际的工程实例论述了计算流体力学在现代建筑消防设计中的应用。

Application of computational fluid dynamics to modern building fire protection

With the development of contemporary construction, the ancient fire protection criterion, which was established for insuring building safety, restricts the freeness exertion of architectural design. Therefore, since the end of 1980's, some developed country began to renewedly survey the management system for fir protection design, they suggested a design system named "performance-based design system", it means "ehaving" design, it does not simplely copy the technique rule of ancient fire protection, but simulates calamity preventing when fire according the design of every new building, fire principium and specific instance of evacuating, fire protection design also develops from every embranchment to collectivity, performance-based design is in the ascendant. In the course of fir simulating, smoke diffusing simulating is a primary embranchment, and smoke diffusing simulating is performed depend on calculating fluid dynamo, so calculating fluid dynamo is a primary tool of performance-based design. With the development of computer technology, calculating fluid dynamo will play an important role in building fir protection design. This article discusses a method applying calculating fluid dynamo to contemporary construction fire protection design relating engineering instance.