海藻岩藻多糖抗肿瘤活性研究新进展

岩藻多糖是一种主要来自海洋褐藻的多糖，由硫酸化的聚糖残基所组成，具有广泛的生物学活性，如抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗病毒、抗炎等。大量研究发现，岩藻多糖不仅通过诱导细胞凋亡、阻滞细胞周期等途径直接发挥抗癌作用，还可以通过激活自然杀伤细胞、巨噬细胞等间接杀伤癌细胞。岩藻多糖因其生物活性高、来源广泛、副作用低、耐药性好等优点，可开发成为一种新型的抗肿瘤药物，或者与化疗药物联合用于临床上肿瘤的辅助治疗。本文综述了岩藻多糖抗肿瘤的作用机理，及其在抗肝癌、肺癌、乳腺癌、白血病等方面的研究进展，及岩藻多糖的代谢和毒性，以期为临床上癌症的预防和治疗提供更多的理论依据。

Recent progress on the antitumor activity of fucoidan

Fucoidan is a kind of the polysaccharide, mainly from brown algae, which is composed of sulfated polysaccharide residues. It has displayed?a?wide range?of biological?activities, including anti-tumor, anti-oxidation, anti-virus, anti-inflammation and so on. Numerous studies have demonstrated that fucoidan not only can directly exert the anti-cancer actions by inducing apoptosis and blocking cell cycle, but also indirectly kill cancer cells by activating natural killer cells and macrophages. Fucoidan can be developed as a new type of anti-tumor drugs or as a clinical adjuvant with chemotherapy drugs owing to its high biological activities, wide sources, low side-effects and good drug-resistance. In this paper, we review the anti-tumor activities and mechanism of fucoidan, mainly in liver, lung, breast and leukemia cancer in vitro and in vivo, as well as the metabolism and toxicity of fucoidan, which will provide more theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of cancers clinically.