洪水资源利用与管理研究

传统的水库调度方法 ,只利用洪水的统计信息 ,使水库在汛期要时刻预防设计与校核洪水事件的发生 ,致使一些水库在汛期弃水而汛后又无水可蓄 ,造成洪水资源的极大浪费。为使水库防洪功能与兴利功能尽可能结合起来 ,更好地提高洪水资源利用率 ,文章分析了洪水资源化的内涵、洪水资源化的必要性和可能性、洪水资源化的实现途径、洪水资源化的风险及其风险管理对策等关键问题 ,重点介绍了动态控制汛限水位方法在洪水资源利用中的应用情况。最后结合我国实际情况 ,对洪水资源化今后的工作提出建议。

STUDY ON FLOODWATER UTILIZATION AND MANAGEMENT

Only statistical flood information is employed in the traditional control of the limited elevation of a reservoir in the flood season. In the case, the reservoir is controlled at a relatively low elevation in order to prevent from its design flood every moment during the whole flood season. In this way, many reservoirs, especially in northern part of China, have to spill lot of surplus water when floods occur, while there is little inflow to those reservoirs after the flood season when they are allowed to store water to a relatively high elevation. To combine effectively flood control and benefits of reservoirs and use the flood resource adequately and fully, several key factors of floodwater utilization, such as meaning, necessity and feasibility, realization means, risk and risk management countermeasure, especial the method of dynamic control limited elevation of reservoirs in flood season are analyzed. Combing with the current situation of the cities short of water, concrete measures and suggestions on floodwater utilization in the future are proposed.