基于双目视觉的缺陷深度测量方法

准确获取焊缝内部缺陷的深度位置，将为缺陷修补、缺陷危害评价及对焊接工艺分析提供必要的信息.文中阐述基于X射线技术的双标记平移法和旋转法两种缺陷定位方法的基本原理；通过对人工缺陷及实际焊缝缺陷深度测量，验证两种方法的检测精度.结果表明，由于基于射线束为平行光束的假设，双标记平移法缺陷深度检测精度低于旋转法.对厚度为8 mm的焊件，采用双标记平移法获得的缺陷深度的最大绝对误差为1.9 mm，平均绝对误差为1.4 mm，平均相对误差为18%；采用旋转法获得的最大误差为0.5 mm，平均误差为0.3 mm，平均相对误差为4%.

Binocular visual based defect buried depth testing method

In order to evaluate the effect of defects on the weldment, analysis welding process and repair the weldment, it is necessary to get the buried depth of weld internal defects accurately. This paper introduces the principle of two kinds of defect location methods based on X-ray technique, including double labels translation and rotation methods. The accuracy of the two methods is verified through testing the buried depth of artificial defects and weld defects. The experimental results show that the double labels translation method, which based on the parallel beam assumption, lacks in accuracy compared with the rotation method. For the wledment 8 mm in thickness, using the double labels translation method, the maximum absolute error of defect depth obtained is 1.9 mm, and the average absolute error is 1.4 mm, and the average relative error is 18%. Using the rotation method, the maximum error is 0.5mm, and the average error is 0.3 mm, and the average relative error is 4%.