轴类零件智能化矫直加工技术的研究

利用金属塑性变形后产生残余变形的原理对需矫直工件主动加载可实现轴类零件的塑变矫直。文章采用非线性有限元法研究了杆类零件的塑性矫直过程,在此基础上提出一种新型的矫直加工方法并设计了原理样机,机构运动由4个步进电机驱动,兼具工件尺寸检测和矫直加工功能。考虑到塑性变形受工件的长度、直径、材质等非线性因素影响,难以建立精确的解析模型进行控制,在总结人工操作经验的基础上,设计了以需矫直零件的塑性变形量及其变化量作为输入,以加载量为输出的具有自学习功能的二维模糊控制器,通过智能控制方法达到减小误差和提高工效的目的。矫直原理样机上的实验表明,矫直控制精度可达到0.04mm。

Research on Intelligent Straightening Processing Technology for Axis Parts

Plastic straightening of axis parts is achieved by initiative load of requiring straightening parts with the principle of metal plastic distortion causing remaining distortion.The paper researched plastic straightening processing of axis parts by the nonlinear finite element method,brought forward a new straightening processing technology,and designed a prototype machine.The machine is drove by four step motors,and has the function of measuring work piece and straightening processing.Considering plastic distortion is influenced by the nonlinear factors of part,such as length,diameter,and material,it's difficult to establish precise parsing model.On the basis of summarizing manual work experience,two-dimensional fuzzy controller,capable of learning,was designed,which takes the requiring straightening part's plastic distortion and variation as input,and takes load as output.The purpose of minishing error and improving work efficiency is achieved by intelligent control.The experiment of the straightening prototype machine indicates that the straightening control precision is 0.04mm.