美国Eagle Ford页岩气开发对我国页岩气勘探开发的启示

据估计,我国的页岩气可采储量高达20万亿～36万亿m3,虽然我国页岩气储量评估处于初级阶段,但仍然可以肯定我国是页岩气资源丰富的国家之一,如果都能开发,按当前的天然气年产量计算,可以开发200多年。目前国内外多家企业聚焦中国,逐鹿页岩气,页岩气有望成为我国常规能源替代品,页岩气的勘探开发必将对我国乃至世界能源格局产生重大影响。但是由于页岩气储层致密,渗透率低至纳达西级,若不采取特殊的增产措施难以实现商业开发。美国是目前唯一实现页岩气商业开采的国家,技术和商业模式都相当成熟,中海石油斥资10多亿美元收购了美国页岩气主产区Eagle Ford 33.3%的股份,该地区页岩气地质储量高达6 000亿m3,开发前景广阔。为提升我国页岩气总体水平,笔者率领技术专家深入考察了美国Eagle Ford页岩气项目,增进了对水平钻井与分段压裂等关键技术的了解,同时分析了相应扶持政策,对中国页岩气的勘探开发具有重要的参考价值。

The enlightenment on shale gas exploration and development in China getting from Eagle Ford in America

According to relevant estimation, the recoverable reserve of shale gas in China is up to 20 to 30 trillion m3. Although shale gas reserves evaluation is still in the early stage, it quite sure that China is one of the countries who are rich in shale gas resources. If developed subject to current gas annual production, it can be developed for more than 200 years. At present, many companies home and aboard focus on shale gas and compete it in China, and it is expected that shale gas will be the substitution of conventional energy resource in China. Thus the exploration and development of shale gas will bring great effect not only on China but also on the world. However, due to the tightness of shale gas reservoir and its permeability is as low as 10-9 Darcy scale, if especial stimulation treatments are not taken, it would be very difficult to achieve the goals of commercial development. For the moment, America is the only country in the world that is successful in commercial development of shale gas and its technology and commercial operating mode has been very mature too. CNOOC has invested more than 1 billion US dollar to buy 33.3 % interest of Eagle Ford, where its reserves reach about 600 billion m3, and where its development prospect is valuable. In order to get a comprehensive acknowledgement on the development technology, the author, as a leader, accompanied by a professional team has had a tour observation to Eagle Ford in America and has got a further understanding on key technologies in horizontal drilling and multi stages fracturing etc. Meanwhile the author also has analyzed the relevant supporting policy framed by USA government, which will be important and valuable for shale gas exploration and development in China.