添加剂在强化催化裂化中的应用

对近30年国内外催化裂化进料添加剂技术的研究状况进行了详细的综述。在石油分散体系理论、酸碱理论和"微爆"理论的基础上,介绍了表面活性剂、馏分油、酸性添加剂、含氮化合物、金属钝化剂和终止剂在催化裂化中的应用。用添加剂强化催化裂化过程主要是通过加入添加剂来改变进料油的分散状态,激活催化剂的酸性中心,钝化有害金属,提高重质原料的气化率和装置的操作灵活性。在这些适当的强化添加剂作用下,可达到有效改善催化裂化产品分布,提高轻油收率,降低焦炭产率的效果。此外,还对其机理进行了论述。

The Application of Additives on the Intensified FCC

The research status of the application of additive technology in FCC feedstock recent three decades in the world was summarized in details.According to petroleum disperse system theory,Lewis and Brnsted theory and ＂demolition atomization＂ theory,the applying of surfactant,distillate oil,acid additives,nitride,metal passivator and terminating agent were introduced.The intensified FCC was emphasized on the using of additive to change disperse state of feedstock,so as to activate acid centers of catalysts,make deleterious metals passivation,and improve rate of gasification of the heavy stuff and operate flexibility of the equipment.It showed that a certain amount of additive can improve the distribution of the product,enhance light fraction oil yield and decrease coke yield.Then the mechanisms were also discussed.