煤制烯烃合成低黏度聚α-烯烃基础油工艺研究

以煤制烯烃的145～2300C馏分段为原料，采用二甲亚砜为溶剂，进行精制处理，将精制后的烯烃原料以AlCl3为催化剂、正辛烷为溶剂，采用溶剂聚合方式，合成润滑油基础油。实验分别考察了温度、反应时间和催化剂比例等对聚合反应的影响。结果表明，在催化剂比例为2．25％、反应时间为2h、反应温度为110℃的条件下，基础油（PAO）收率可达84．36％，其100℃时运动黏度为8．606mm2／s，黏度指数达到147，闪点和倾点分别为237℃与-55℃。分别对以煤制烯烃为原料，与传统纯烯烃（1-癸烯）为原料的两种聚α-烯烃基础油的收率和主要性能进行比较，结果表明，煤制烯烃聚合物除收率及闪点较低外，其他性能指标均与1-癸烯为原料相当，因此，煤制烯烃可作为合成低黏度聚α-烯烃（PAO）基础油的替代原料。研究结果可为以煤制烯烃为原料合成润滑油基础油提供指导。

A Study into Using Olefin Made from Coal to Synthesize Low-viscosity Poly-alpha-olefin Base Oil

In an experiment,researchers refined the 145-230℃ fraction of the coal-to-olefin process using dimethylsulfoxide as solvent and synthesized lubricant base oil with the refined olefin using AlCl3 as catalyst and normal octane as solvent by means of solvent polymerization.The experiment examined the effect of tem- perature,reaction time and catalyst percent on polymerization.The experimental results showed that when the catalyst percent was 2.25%,reaction lasted for 2 hours and the reaction temperature was110℃,the yield of PAO base oil could reach 84.36%.At 100℃,the dynamic viscosity of the base oil was 8.606mm2/s,the vis- cosity index reached 147,the flash point was 237℃ and the pour point was -55℃.These researchers com- pared the PAO base oil produced with olefin made from coal and that produced with traditional pure olefin （1-decene） in terms of yield and main properties and the results showed that all properties of olefin made from coal,except yield and flash point,which were lower,were equal to those of 1-deeene.Therefore,olefin made from coal is a fully qualified alternative to the conventional feedstock used for synthesizing low-viscosi- ty PAO base oil.The research results can be used to guide the method of using olefin made from coal to synthesize lubricant base oil.