农业磷面源污染形成机制及治理进展

磷肥在农田过量施用较为严重,是磷面源污染的主要来源之一。深入研究农业磷面源污染的形成机制,对预防地表水体的富营养化、地下水中的磷污染问题具有重要意义。综述了国内外磷的迁移转化机制、土壤磷酸离子吸附固定特性及影响因素（土壤粘粒,pH值,有机阴离子,Al、Fe、Ca、Mg化合物以及矿物组成等）、磷养分的迁移淋失和吸附法去除水体磷等多方面的研究进展;同时,还提出了提高磷肥有效性并减少磷养分淋失对农业磷面源污染控制所具有的重要意义。

A review on mechanisms and remediation of phosphorus mobilization

Excessive use of phosphate fertilizer leads to the agricultural non-point source pollution(ANPSP).The study of the mechanisms of ANPSP is of great importance to prevent the eutrophication in the surface water and the high degree of phosphorus contamination in underground water.This paper included a brief review of the mechanism of the phosphorus transport,the immobilizations of adsorption and effect factors of soil phosphatase ions(clay contents,pH,organic acid,iron and aluminum oxides,calcium and magnesium compounds,mineral components,etc.),and the removal of the phosphorus from the surface water with the phosphorus running off and the method of adsorption.Moreover,this paper suggested that the future research in a long term should be oriented in the study of the remediation of ANPSP coming from the phosphate fertilizer,especially the study of improving the phosphorus availability to plant and the control of phosphorus running off should be strengthened.