高浓度水流流速仪的研制与应用

作为一种复杂的固液两相流动，高浓度水流由于固体颗粒浓度高、颗粒级配宽及流动的可视性差等特点，致使其测流一直成为制约高浓度水流运动机理研究的瓶颈性问题。本文依据毕托管工作原理，通过液压传感方式感应测量高浓度水流动水压力和计算机数据采集处理等方法，成功地研制了新型感压式高浓度水流流速仪，并在室内天然沙与粉煤灰高含度水流试验中得到了应用。该流速仪研制成功为进一步研究高浓度水流流速分布规律、揭示其水流结构与输沙机理创造了有利条件。

Development and application of a new velocity meter for hyperconcentrated flows

For the complicated flow with solid and liquid phase, it has always been very difficult to measure the velocity of hyperconcentrated flow accurately, because of the characteristics of high concentration, wide graindiameter distribution and flowing invisibility. According to the working principles of hydraulic Bituo-pipe, a new kind of velocity meters had been successively developed by surveying pressure of hypereoncentrated flowing and dealing with the data treatments automatically by using computer. It has been shown that the velocity meter has been experimentally applied to measure vertical velocity distribution for hyperconcentrated flow with solid phase such as natural sand and coal grain. The successive development of the velocity meter is very significant for further studying the laws of velocity distribution and mechanism of sediment transport for hyperconcentrated flows.