感潮河网调水过程的数值模拟研究

利用外河潮位和内河水位涨落落差进行内陆河网引清调水和防洪排涝，是改善感潮河网水环境、保障当地供水安全和提高防灾减灾能力的一种有效途径。本文根据Saint-Venant方程组和Preissmann加权四点隐式有限差分格式建立了感潮河网调水数学模型，该模型应用于浦东新区河网调水过程模拟的结果表明，其计算速度快、精度也较高，可对感潮河网调水水流时空变化过程、闸门开启过程引排水流量以及调水过程引排水总量进行模拟和计算。结合计算智能方法进一步讨论了调水过程外河潮位实时预报、感潮水闸流量的计算和调水模型河网糙率的反演问题。感潮河网调水过程数学模型的研究可以为平原河网地区水资源的智能监控提供支撑平台。

Study on numerical simulation of water transfer process in tidal river networks

Ab Water transfer of river networks by the fall between tidal stage and inland river stage is an effective way to improve water environment of tidal river networks, ensure safety of the local water supply and increase ability against disaster. According to Saint-Venant equations and Preissmann implicit finite difference format, water transfer mathematical model of tidal river networks is established. It is applied to simulate the water transfer process in river networks of Pudong new area, the results show that the model has rapid calculation speed and high calculation accuracy and can simulate/calculate the flow characteristics in river networks, sluice discharge and total diversion/ drainage water during water transfer. Real-time tide prediction, flow calculation of tidal sluice and parametric inversion of river networks roughness are discussed on the basis of computational intelligence methods, which are the key questions of simulating water transfer process in tidal river networks. Water transfer mathematical model of tidal river networks can provide the support platform for intelligent monitoring of water resources in plain river networks region.