梁腹板开孔低温冻结光弹性实验

应用光弹性原理及方法，根据“混合几何相似原理”对研究对象进行缩比、模型设计，模型由低温环境冻结树脂材料制作而成，对简支梁中心大尺寸腰圆形腹板开孔和固支梁近支座圆形腹板开孔及其不同补强方式进行了光弹性实验，利用估判主应力迹线的方法，确定零级条纹，通过应力冻结、切片获得了12个模型的孔边条纹图和应力集中系数，并与数值计算结果作了比较，为优化设计和调整数值计算提供了有价值的依据。

Lower temperature freezing photoelastic experiment for models of strengthened beam bored in its web

Photoelastic principles and methods were used, according to mix similarity theory, to scale down the geometrical size of I_shaped strengthening beams and to do model design. The models were made from low temperature freezing resin. These photoelastic experiments were done on two kinds of models: one was a beam with simply supported ends bored with a big-dimension hole in its web in the middle of it. The beam other had fixed ends bored with a circle hole in the web near to its end. Zero order pattern was found by principle stress trajectory. Stress pattern around the hole and stress concentration factor compared with numerical results were acquired through stress freezing analysis and slicing on twelve models. The experimental results provid a basis for design optimization and improvement of numerical methods.