基于EF-AHP法的坝式小水电站生态环境影响评价

坝式小水电在发挥“以电代柴”效益的同时,也对水资源及水生态环境产生了一定的负面影响。开展坝式小水电站生态环境影响评价研究,对于合理开发水资源,协调水电站开发与流域自然、社会、经济之间的关系具有重要意义。根据坝式小水电站的生态环境影响特点,应用层次分析法建立了指标评分体系,结合生态足迹法的思想来赋予各指标权重,构建了基于EF-AHP法的坝式小水电站综合评价模型,选取西北地区某坝式电站进行了案例应用分析,探讨了评价体系的适用性。结果表明,该模型提高了不同电站之间生态环境影响评价结果的可比性、客观性、实用性。该指标体系为客观评价坝式小水电生态环境影响提供了新的科学手段,对掌握小水电生态环境效应具有重要意义。

Assessment of Eco-environmental Impact of Small Dam-type Hydropower by Integrating Ecological Footprint and Analytical Hierarchy Process

Small dam-type hydropower project has negative impact on water resources and water eco-environment despite of electricity generation in substitution of firewood. Assessing the eco-environmental impact of dam-type hydropower is of crucial significance for a rational development of water resources and a coordinative relationship between hydropower construction and nature, economy and society of the drainage basin.In the present research, a comprehensive assessment model for small dam-type hydropower is established. An index scoring system is built by analytical hierarchy process and the weights of indexes are given according to ecological footprint. The applicability of the assessment model is examined by case study on a small dam-type hydropower station in northwest China.Results suggest that the model enhances the practicability and objectivity of assessment results, and also improves the comparability among different stations. It also provides a novel scientific approach for the objective assessment of eco-environmental impact of small dam-type hydropower.