长江流域水资源保护科学研究之管见

经过几十年的发展, 长江流域水资源保护科学研究在水环境监测技术、流域水资源保护规划、大型水工程环境影响评价、技术标准体系等方面取得了长足进展,初步形成了水资源保护的监管体系、监测监控体系、科技支撑体系和工程体系,长江流域水资源环境总体状况不断改善,然而随着经济社会发展,局部水污染问题还很突出、水安全保障程度不高、科学研究支撑不够、能力建设滞后、监管监控手段乏力、距离国家对生态文明建设和环境保护的要求以及人民对美好生活的需求甚远。为此,提出长江流域水资源保护科学研究思路:应基于大保护,系统开展保护与发展的策略、政策和保障机制、水生态文明建设的支撑体系、入河污染物总量控制体系、技术标准体系、工程体系及新技术引进和应用等方面。供关注流域水资源保护科学研究的工作者参考。

A Review on Scientific Researches of Water Resources Protection in Yangtze River Basin

After decades of development,far-reaching progresses have been made in such aspects as water environment monitoring technology,basin water resources protection planning,environmental impact assessment for largescale water project,and technical standard system in the scientific researches of water resources protection in the Yangtze River Basin.Supervision system,monitoring and control system,science and technology support system,as well as engineering system have been established for water resources protection.Despite the overall improvement of water environment in the Yangtze River Basin,local pollution is still outstanding,water security is insufficient,scientific support is inadequate,capacity construction lags,and regulatory means are weak,all far from the nation's requirement for eco-civilization and environmental pollution as well as people's demand for a better life.In view of this,we propose that scientific researches should be conducted based on the principle of great protection following the strategy of systematic protection and exploitation,and focusing on policies and safeguards,water-ecological civilization construction,control of total pollution into rivers,technical standard system,engineering system,as well as the introduction and application of new technologies.