山东日照市接种流感疫苗的成本-效益分析

目的对山东日照市接种流感疫苗的成本-效益进行分析,为开展流感疫苗接种工作提供科学依据。方法在流感流行后,对该市部分幼儿园、学校、企业和敬老院的疫苗接种率、各类疾病和呼吸系统疾病的就诊率和住院率及医疗费用等进行调查,并对调查结果进行成本-效益分析。结果调查对象共3830人,其中接种疫苗2692人,接种率为70.29%。接种组与未接种组比较,各类疾病和呼吸系统疾病的就诊率和住院率均明显下降,医疗费用也有不同程度的下降,其中以儿童和老年人最为明显。各年龄组合计,接种疫苗控制各类疾病的BCR为1.28,呼吸系统疾病为0.77。结论接种流感疫苗可明显降低就诊率和住院率,节省医疗费用,特别是对儿童和老年人。

Cost-Benefit Analysis of Influenza Vaccination in Rizhao City, Shangdong Province, China

Objective To perform a cost-benefit analysis on influenza vaccination in Rizhao City, Shandong Province, China, and provide scientific basis for the vaccination. Methods After the epidemic season of influenza in 2007, 3 830 subjects from the kindergartens, colleges, enterprises and rest homes in Rizhao City, Shangdong Province, China were divided into child(at ages of not more than 7 years), adult (at ages of 20 ～ 59 years) and aged (at ages of not less than 60 years) groups and investigated for influenza vaccination rate, the percentages of outpatients and inpatients with all kinds of diseases and with respiratory diseases, as well as vaccination and medical costs, based on which a cost-benefit analysis was performed on influenza vaccination. Results Of the 3 830 subjects, 2 692(70. 29%) were inoculated with influenza vaccine. Compared with those unvaccinated, the percentages of outpatients and inpatients with all kinds of diseases and with respiratory diseases in the subjects vaccinated were significantly low, especially in child and aged groups, and the medical costs decreased at different extents. The total benefit-cost rates(BCRs) of influenza vaccination in decreasing all kinds of diseases and respiratory diseases were 1. 28 and 0. 77 respectively. Conclusion Influenza vaccination decreased the percentages of outpatients and inpatients with all kinds of diseases and with respiratory diseases as well as medical cost, especially in children and aged.