高水头大流量岸边溢洪道窄缝消能工研究与实践

水布垭大坝是目前世界上建成的最高面板堆石坝,采用岸边溢洪道泄洪布置方式,具有泄洪流量和泄洪落差大、消能区河道狭窄、河床基岩软弱、两岸有大型滑坡体以及地下电站尾水出口临近泄洪消能区等特点。通过系统的水力学模型试验研究,解决了大型岸边溢洪道在复杂条件下的泄洪消能和地下电站尾水出口防淤等关键问题,其多项创新研究成果均应用于工程实际。工程建成后的运行实践表明,岸边溢洪道新型消能工的泄洪消能和电站尾水出口的防淤都达到了预期的目标,其试验研究成果可供同类工程借鉴。

Research and practice on narrow-slot energy dissipators of high-head and large-flood bank spillway

Shuibuya dam is the highest rockfill dam in the world at present and it adopts bank spillway for flood releasing.The design and construction of this spillway have to overcome several difficulties related to its large capacity and high drop of flood,narrow river valley,weak bedrock,large volumes of landslide on the two banks,and interference to energy dissipation by the nearby tail water of underground power station.Through a systematic test on hydraulic models,satisfactory solutions have been found to the problems of flood releasing and energy dissipation of large-scale bank spillway under the complex conditions,including silt control in the tail water region.Results of several research findings have been implemented on this project.Operation experiences of the project show that the narrow-slot dissipator and silt control method meet the design goals.The research results are useful to other similar projects.