云南松花坝水源区水质藻类生物学评价与影响藻类生长的因素研究

为开展松花坝水库水源区藻类在线监测预报预警,消除水华（生物污染）的威胁,运用藻类分类学、藻类生理生态学等技术手段,对云南省松花坝水源区藻类开展种层级的普查,利用藻类生物多样性指数和藻类指示特性,对水质进行生物评价,然后,在了解藻类生活史基础上,将流速、流量、水位等水文信息与藻类种类组成、生理特征、行为习性等生物信息结合的方法,运用水库生态调度方式和水利手段对藻类进行调控,抑制藻类生长、繁殖和扩散,有效地控藻除藻。调查研究表明,松坝水源区藻类经鉴定有7个门11纲12目18科30属48个种及变种,有较多清水型藻类,水质总体较好,但有富养化趋势,可能发生甲藻水华（生物污染）,暴发时段可能时段在5月底至六月初,暴发地点为谷仓坝。当流速超出（0.5～0.85）m/s区间或水位发生0.05m的变化或水温发生2℃的变化,藻类群落结构与组成发生巨变。

Algae-ecological assessment of water quality and influence factors of algae growth in Songhuaba water source region of Yunnan

To make algae forecast,on-line warning and monitoring and algae control through ecological operation of reservoirs,this paper applies methods of hydrology,ecology,algae taxonomy and physiology to a general investigation of algae on the species level for the Songhuaba water source region of Yunnan,including algae community structure,spatial distribution,dynamic biomass and succession,etc.The results show that the algae in this region can be categorized into 7 phyla,11 classes,12 orders,18 families,30 genera and 48 species and that its structure and distribution are featured by obvious regionality with seasonal changes.Although most of the algae in the water is rinsing,potential risk of algae erupt remains.The algae that would probably cause water blooms is pyrrophyta and its erupt would occur in Gucangba between late May and early June.When the velocity exceeds(0.5-0.85)m/s,the water level has 0.05m changes,or the water temperature has 2℃ changes,the algae community structure and composition changes dramatically.By examining the impacts of water stage and velocity on algae growth,this study demonstrates the feasibility of algae removal and control by reservoir ecological operation and irrigation measures.