永磁同步电机故障诊断方法研究综述

永磁同步电机（Permanent magnet synchronous motors, PMSMs）具有结构简单、运行稳定、效率高和外形多样等显著优点，在生产制造领域得到广泛应用。PMSM在工作中不断受到速度变化和负载波动等复杂工况的影响，不可避免地会出现各种故障，例如轴承故障、偏心故障、退磁故障和匝间短路故障等。本文综述了PMSM常见故障类型，并总结了自动化领域中基于信号的状态监测方法的现有研究，以用于各种电气和机械故障的检测和诊断。随后对诊断方法进行了总结，并分析了其优势与限制，探讨了不同信号处理方法在应用中的利弊。最后，根据当前研究现状，讨论了PMSM故障监测与诊断存在的问题和未来发展方向。关键词：永磁同步电机；轴承故障；偏心故障；退磁故障；匝间短路故障；故障诊断；

Review of fault diagnosis methods for permanent magnet synchronous motors

Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs) are widely utilized in the field of manufacturing and produc-tion due to their notable advantages such as simple structure, stable operation, high efficiency, and diverse con-figurations. Operating under conditions with variable speeds and load fluctuations, PMSMs inevitably experi-ence various faults, including bearing faults, eccentricity faults, demagnetization faults, and inter turn short-circuit faults. This paper provides an overview of common fault types in PMSMs and summarizes existing research on signal-based condition monitoring methods in the field of automation for the detection and diagnosis of electrical and mechanical faults. Subsequently, diagnostic methods are summarized, and their strengths and limitations are analyzed, discussing the pros and cons of different signal processing approaches in application. Finally, considering the current state of research, the paper discusses challenges and future directions in the monitoring and diagnosis of PMSM faults.