国外职业生涯教育与我国国民职业意识的培养

在国外,发达国家的职业生涯教育贯穿了从小学到大学的整个教育过程,在国民职业意识的培养方面具有重要作用,在这方面,美国的"生计教育"、德国的普遍性职业教育、瑞典学校的职业指导课程、新世纪日本的职业生涯教育提供了不同的实施模式。在我国,由于职业教育的弱势性、基础教育课程体系的不完善性和职业教育发展的曲折性等因素的影响,职业意识的培养总体上呈缺失状态,不利于现代国民教育体系的构建。借鉴发达国家的经验,应当通过让职业意识教育进入基础教育课堂、提升职业教育在人们观念中的价值、建立教育与社会就业之间的紧密衔接机制等途径加强职业意识的培养。

Inspiration of Foreign Vocational Career Education for the Cultivation of Chinese Vocation Consciousness

In foreign countries,the vocational career education of the developed countries have run through the whole educational process from primary school to university,and it has important function in cultivation of national vocation consciousness.In this respect,"the livelihood education" in U.S.A.,universal vocational education in Germny,vocational guidance course of the Swedish school,vocational career education of Japan in the new century have offered different implementation modes.In our country,because of the weakness of vocational education,incompleteness of basic educational course system and the situation of the vocational career education,it is unfavorable for the construction of the national vocation educaton.Adopting the experience of the developed countries to strengthen the cultivation of the vocational consciousness,it should let vocation consciousness education enter the basic education classroom,improve people's value in vocational education,set up the connection system of education and social employment etc.