Sequential extraction of bioactive compounds from Melia azedarach L. in fixed bed extractor using CO2, ethanol and water |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Food Engineering, University of Campinas—UNICAMP, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil;2. Chemical, Biological and Agricultural Pluridisciplinary Research Center (CPQBA), State University of Campinas—UNICAMP, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil;3. ThoMSon Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas—UNICAMP, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil;4. Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas—UNICAMP, 13084-971 Campinas, SP, Brazil;1. National Center for Space Exploration Research, Cleveland, OH, United States;2. NASA John H. Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, United States;1. Department of Imaging System Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 608-737, Republic of Korea;2. Chemistry Laboratory, College of Engineering, Kyungil University, Hayang 712-701, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Physics, Institute of Basic Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea;1. Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia;2. NARO Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center (NARO/HARC), Shinsei, Memuro, Kasai 082-0081, Hokkaido, Japan;3. School of Chemistry, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton 3800, VIC, Australia;4. Food Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Pulau, Pinang, Malaysia;5. Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Center of Supercritical Fluid Technology Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Aramaki Aza Aoba 6-6-11, Sendai 980-8579, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Melia azedarach L. is a plant with wide use in folk medicine since it contains many bioactive compounds of interest. The present study aimed to extract bioactive compounds from M. azedarach fruits by a sequential process in fixed bed using various solvent mixtures. Extractions were performed at 50 °C and 300 bar in four sequential steps using supercritical CO2 (scCO2), scCO2/ethanol, pure ethanol, and ethanol/water mixture as solvents, respectively. The efficacy of the extraction process was evaluated by extraction yield and kinetics, and analysis of extracts by: (1) thin layer chromatography (TLC), (2) phenolics content, (3) reduction of surface tension of water, (4) gas chromatography (GC–MS), (5) electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI–MS) and (6) antiviral activity. The overall extraction yield reached 45% and TLC analysis showed extracts with different composition. extract obtained from CO2/ethanol mixture (SCEE) exhibited the greatest ability to reduce surface tension of water from 72.4 mN m?1 1] of pure water to 26.9 mN m?1 of an aqueous solution of 40 g L?1. The highest phenolics contents were observed in both the hydroalcoholic extract and scCO2/ethanolic extract. Volatile oils were not detected in the supercritical extracts by GC–MS. MS analyses identified the fatty acids: linoleic, palmitic and myristic acid in the supercritical extract (SCE), and the phenolics: caffeic acid and malic acid in the other extracts. In addition, SCE and SCEE extracts showed significant inhibition percentage against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1. The extraction process proposed in the present study produced extracts with significant potential for application in food and pharmaceutical industries. |
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| Keywords: | Sequencial extraction Supercritical extraction Bioactive compounds Saponins Antiviral activity |
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