安徽某草莓基地土壤中农药残留特征及风险评价

摘 要：目的 调查安徽某草莓基地土壤中的农药残留状况，评估其农药残留风险。方法 采用超高效液相色谱串联质谱法和气相色谱串联质谱法，对采集的205份土壤样品进行农药残留检测分析，并用环境标准值计算法评估草莓基地农药残留风险。结果 该地区205个土壤样品中共有179份样品检出农药残留，检出率87.31%；检出的有30种农药，检出最多的是咯菌腈、腐霉利和苯醚甲环唑3种杀菌剂，检出率分别为83.90%、87.32%、87.32%，对土壤质量安全及种植作物构成一定危害风险。对于表层土（0～20 cm）范围，其浅表层土（0～10 cm）与深表层土（10～20 cm）中的农药残留也有差异，浅表层土（0～10 cm）农药残留浓度高于深表层土（10～20 cm）。结论 该草莓基地由于杀菌剂等农药的长期使用，对土壤质量安全构成风险隐患，需要对高风险农药加强关注。

Characteristics and risk assessment of pesticide residues in soil of a strawberry base in Anhui province

ABSTRACT: Objective To investigate the status of pesticide residues in soil of a strawberry base in Anhui Province and evaluate the risk of pesticide residues. Methods The 205 soil samples were analyzed via an ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS / MS) and gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS / MS). The risk of pesticide residues in strawberry base were evaluated and calculated by environmental standard value method. Results About 179 soil samples were contained pesticides and the detection rate of residues was 87.31%. More than 30 kinds of pesticides were detected. Fludioxonil, procymidone and difenoconazole were the most detected, and the detection rates were 83.90 %, 87.32 % and 87.32 %, respectively. These pesticides posed a certain risk to planting crops, soil quality and safety. Meanwhile, the concentration of pesticide residues in the shallow surface (0 ~ 10 cm) and deep surface (10 ~ 20 cm) were also different. The concentration in the shallow surface soil was higher than that in the deep surface soil. Conclusion Due to the long-term use of fungicides, the strawberry base poses a risk to soil quality and safety, and it is necessary to pay more attention to high-risk pesticides.