利用AFLP技术分析中国明对虾的韩国南海种群和养殖群体的遗传差异

利用AFLP技术对新发现的中国明对虾的一个地理种群——韩国南海种群（SP）和中国明对虾的养殖群体（CP）进行了遗传分析。每个群体随机取样30个，5对AFLP引物获得326个位点。其中SP多态位点比例（P0.99）46.93％，Shannon多样性指数（Ⅰ）0．1884，Nei（1978）基因多样性指数（h）0．1197，群体差异性位点9个，占检测位点总数的2．7％。CP多态位点比例（R9q）51．84％，Shannon多样性指数（Ⅰ）0．1954，Nei（1978）基因多样性指数（h）0．1229，群体差异性位点19个，占检测位点总数的5．8％。SP种群各项遗传参数都低干CP种群。两个群体的非偏差遗传相似度和遗传距离分别为0．9899和0．0102。利用中国明对虾的韩国南海种群和养殖群体杂交可以获得新的种质资源，这将为获得最大变异数量性状表型和基因多样性的产生提供可能。

Genetic variation between Chinese shrimp populations from Korean South Sea and from Chinese cultured detected by AFLP markers

The AFLP markers were applied to detection of genetic variation between the Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis) from Korean South Sea population (SP) and from Chinese cultured population (CP). Five pair AFLP selective primers scanned 30 samples from each population and 326 AFLP loci were recorded. Based on the results from POPGENE VERSION 1.31, the SP genetic index, including percentage of polymorphic loci (P_(0.99)), Shannon index (I) and Gene diversity (h) were lower than that of cultured population, which were 46.93%, 0.1884, 0.1197 and 51.84%, 0.1954, 0.1229 in SP and CP, respectively. Nine AFLP loci owned by SP only and 19 loci of CP were detected. Genetic identity and distance index, 0.9922 and 0.0078, showed very little differentiation between two populations. The SP is a new genetic resource of Chinese shrimp that can be used to improve cultured species; the hybrid line can offer more genetic variation and quantitative traits phenotype, which can be very helpful in selected breeding and genetic improvement of Fenneropenaeus chinensis.