X射线衍射法研究铀在水气中的腐蚀

采用X射线衍射（XRD）原位研究了金属铀在潮湿氧气和潮湿氦气中不同温度下的腐蚀过程，对材料表面结构、化学组成以及腐蚀动力学进行了分析。结果表明，有氧条件下金属铀表面氧化层较致密，腐蚀速度慢；无氧条件下金属铀表面腐蚀产物疏松，腐蚀速度很快，且100 ℃下试样表面有片状产物剥落。动力学结果显示，潮湿环境中氧气的缺乏会引起金属铀腐蚀速度的加快。

Corrosion of Uranium in Steam Using X-ray Diffraction

The reaction between uranium and steam was investigated using X-ray diffraction and Rietveld method in the report. In order to clearify the role of oxygen in the corrosion of uranium in steam, the surface crystal structure and corrosion kinetics of uranium in humid oxygen and humid helium gas were studied. The experiments were carried out in the XRK reactor accessary of Philips diffractometer. The experimental temperatures were 50 ℃ and 100 ℃ respectively. Rietveld refinement was performed by the X’Pert Plus software, which refined the structure parameters and gave the mass fraction of each component at the same time. The results indicate the dynamic expressions for the reaction between uranium and steam in humid oxygen are initially nonlinear, and turn to be linear subsequently. Whereas the content of oxide as a function of time is linear in humid helium. The absence of oxygen will accelerate the corrosion rate of uranium in the humid gas.