尾矿库洪水漫顶溃坝实验研究及数据分析

尾矿库是我国安全监管工作的重点内容之一,因其位置的特殊性,极易引发重特大事故。在加强尾矿库日常安全监管、降低事故隐患的基础上,建立漫顶溃坝试验模型研究坝体溃坝的演化过程、下泄流量及冲击距离,对加强下游库区安全管理、降低事故后果严重程度具有重要意义。本文基于相似理论建立了尾矿库漫顶溃坝物理模型,深入研究尾矿库漫顶溃坝过程中演化规律、冲击速度及下泄流体过泥深度等内容,并将实验结果与尾矿库溃坝计算模型结果进行对比,对比验证了物理模型实验数据的适用性、准确性,实验结果可为洪水期尾矿库的安全管理尤其是库区下游的治理工作提供理论和技术支撑。

Experimental and Data Analysis of Flood Overtopping in Tailings Pond

Tailings pond is one of the key contents of the safety supervision work in China. Because of the particularity of its location, it can easily lead to the serious accident of the mass death. It has great significant for strengthening the management of downstream of the pond and reducing the seriousness of the consequences of accidents to establish overtopping physical model to research evolution process of tailings dam failure, discharge flow rate and impact distance based on strengthening the daily safety supervision of tailings pond and reducing the hidden danger of accidents. Based on the similarity theory, this paper establishes a physical model overlying dam-break dam, and deeply studies the evolution law, the impact velocity and the fluid depth of the tailing fluid during the process of the overtopping. The experimental results are compared with the results of the dam failure dam calculation model. The results verify the applicability and accuracy of the experimental data of the physical model. The results of the experiment can be used to provide theoretical and technical support for the safety management of the tailings pond especially for the downstream of the pond area during the flood period.