基于陶瓷膜技术的羊乳酪蛋白和其他组分的高效分级分离

为量化0.05 μm陶瓷膜脱除羊乳中乳清蛋白、乳糖、灰分、钙和磷的能力，在50 ℃条件下，脱脂乳进行3 倍浓缩，之后2 次间歇补水至原体积进行清洗过滤，最终得到1 份截留液、3 份透过液，并计算各组分总脱除率。结果表明：乳清蛋白脱除率为96.17%，乳糖脱除率为86.42%，灰分脱除率为73.39%，钙脱除率为34.90%，磷脱除率为55%。稀释过滤完毕后膜的纯水膜通量衰减系数为55.57%，使用质量分数为2%氢氧化钠和1%的硝酸溶液进行清洗，膜通量的恢复系数为99.21%。0.05 μm陶瓷膜可以实现羊乳酪蛋白和其他组分的有效分离，该技术适合在没有干酪乳清的条件下，以生鲜乳为原料加工酪蛋白胶束粉、乳清蛋白粉、乳糖等乳基配料产品。

High-Efficiency Separation of Goat Milk Casein and Other Components Using Ceramic Membrane Technology

The objective of this study was to quantify the capacity of a ceramic microfiltration (MF) membrane with a pore size of 0.05 μm to remove whey proteins, lactose, ash, calcium and phosphorus from skim goat milk. Skim goat milk was concentrated three times by microfiltration at 50 ℃, and then the resultant fraction was diluted to the original volume followed by three-fold concentration under the same condition as for skim goat milk. The same treatment was conducted on the fraction obtained from the second microfiltration. During the whole process, the cumulative removal percentages of whey proteins, lactose, ash, calcium and phosphorus calculated from three filtrates were 96.17%, 86.42%, 73.39%, 34.9% and 55%, respectively. After the second filtration, the pure water flux of the membrane was reduced by 55.57%, and the membrane flux was restored to 99.21% of the initial level after cleaning the membrane with 2% NaOH and 1% nitric acid solution. Ceramic membrane with 0.05 μm pore size was effective for the separation of casein and other components.Therefore, this technology is suitable for processing casein micelle powder, whey protein powder, lactose and other milk-based products from fresh milk without cheese whey.