考虑参数不确定性的转向架构架结构强度分析

考虑工程实际中设计参数的不确定性，基于D-最优试验设计和可靠性理论对转向架构架进行结构强度分析。根据UIC 510-3-1994标准对构架进行结构强度分析，确定受力较大部位的设计参数。运用APDL语言建立构架的参数化模型，并对设计参数进行D-最优试验设计，进而计算构架的结构强度。利用最小二乘法对试验数据进行拟合，建立多项式响应面函数，并对其进行方差分析，检验响应面的精度。基于高精度响应面函数，采用Monte-Carlo拉丁超立方抽样方法对构架进行结构强度的可靠性分析。研究结果表明：设计参数的变化对结构强度的影响较大，且各设计参数的交互作用较小。转向架构架的结构可靠度为0.984 3，表明了不确定参数对构架结构强度和安全性的影响程度。基于D-最优试验设计的响应面法工作效率高，可为其他复杂结构的不确定性分析提供参考。

Structural Strength Analysis of Bogie Frames Considering Parameter Uncertainty

Considering the uncertainty of engineering design parameters, the structural strength analyses of bogie frames were carried out based on the D-optimal design and reliability theory. According to the UIC 510-3-1994 standard, the structural strength analysis of frames was made to determine the larger forces of the parts. The parametric model of the frame was established by APDL language, and the design parameters were designed by D-optimal experiments, and then the structural strength of frames was calculated.The least square method was utilized to fit the test data, meanwhile, the polynomial response surface function was established, and the variance analysis was done to test the accuracy of the response surface. Based on the high precision response surface function, the Monte-Carlo Latin hypercube sampling method was adopted to analyze the structural strength reliability of the frames. The results show that the changes of design parameters have great influences on the structural strength, and the interaction of design parameters is minimal. Structural reliability of the bogie frames is as 0.984 3, which shows the influences of uncertain parameters on the structural strength and safety of frames. The response surface method based on D-optimal design has high efficiency and may provide reference for the uncertainty analysis of other complex structures.