某铀矿周边土壤典型重金属污染特征及植物筛选

为了解某铀矿区土壤重金属污染状况及当地优势植物对超标重金属的修复能力,对矿区下游土壤及植物进行了采样测试。结果显示:矿区土壤存在一定程度U、Cd超标,最严重区域为距尾矿库200m以内的下游区域及采场东南部。超标较重区域大致呈北西-南东向分布。远离尾矿库或采场区域,超标程度具有下降趋势。矿区内优势植物品种较少,富集转运U、Cd元素的能力较弱,苜蓿可作为潜在的修复土壤中U、Cd污染的植物,进一步通过室内栽培,添加螯合剂、改良剂来提升植物对土壤U、Cd的修复能力。

Pollution Characteristic of Typical Heavy Metals in Soil and Plant Screening around A Uranium Mine

In order to understand the pollution characteristic of typical heavy metals in soil around a uranium mining and the ability of local dominant plants to repair contaminated soil, the soil and plants in the downstream area of the mining were sampled and tested. The results show that the soil in the mining area shows a certain degree of U and Cd exceeding the standard. The most serious area is the downstream area within 200m from the tailings pond and the southeast of the stope. The contaminated area are generally distributed in the northwest-south direction. Far from the tailings pond or stope area, the degree of exceeding the standard has a downward trend. There are fewer dominant plant species in the mining area, and the ability to enrich and transport U and Cd elements is weak. The cockroach can be used as a potential plant to repair U and Cd pollution in the soil. It can be further cultivated by indoor cultivation, adding chelating agents and improvers to enhance the ability of plants to repair soil U and Cd.