Calorimetric evaluation of responses of Sitophilus oryzae and Tribolium confusum to elevated temperatures and controlled atmospheres |
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Authors: | CJ Downes CW van Epenhuijsen JE Downes D Brash |
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Affiliation: | a Industrial Research Limited, P.O. Box 31 310, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand b New Zealand Institute for Crop and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 11600, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand c Division of ICS, Physics Department, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia |
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Abstract: | Metabolic heat rates, determined by microcalorimetry, were used to measure the effect of controlled atmospheres (CAs) and elevated temperatures on the stored-product insects Sitophilus oryzae (rice weevil) and Tribolium confusum (confused flour beetle). Results for larval and adult stages in air, and in a range of low O2 and/or high CO2 CAs, at temperatures from 15 to 45 °C, showed the general effectiveness of such atmospheres in lowering the lethal temperatures relative to those in air. Effects on adult S. oryzae at 25 °C were explored in more detail in experiments using the following conditions: exposure to anoxic CAs for extended times; exposure to hypoxic CAs; and simulated hermetic storage. A simple scanning calorimetric method was developed for determining lethal temperatures and a combined thermo-gravimetric and differential thermal-analysis method was used to interpret the thermal events, due to loss of water, occurring at and above these temperatures. |
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Keywords: | Sitophilus oryzae Tribolium confusum Controlled atmospheres Heat treatment of stored-product insects Microcalorimetry Thermo-gravimetric analysis |
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