基于可信中继的广域量子密钥网络模型研究

针对目前对于广域量子密钥网络的认识不足、理论研究还不成熟的问题，以目前实际可行的由可信中继节点构成的量子密钥网络为对象，分别从系统结构、内部密钥关系、工作机制3个方面建立了广域量子密钥网络结构模型、密钥信息模型、行为模型，对广域量子密钥网络进行了详细研究。首先，从系统论角度出发，在现有量子密钥网络结构研究的基础上，根据密钥中继基本原理将量子密钥网络划分为5层，阐述了各层的详细组成及其之间的关系；其次，从信息论角度出发，将量子密钥网络抽象为由节点间密钥共享关系构成的密钥信息图，并且形式化定义了其中的节点、边等组成元素，进而，通过图论基本原理进一步描述了量子密钥网络5层结构模型的内部密钥信息关系；最后，从控制论角度出发，通过将量子密钥网络的密钥分发过程分解为基本的密钥关系建立、共享密钥生成两个基本操作，以密钥信息图逐层演进的方式详细展示了广域量子密钥网络的基本运行原理。通过分析表示，本文提出的量子密钥网络模型实现了量子密钥分发的分层并行流水密钥分发，能够保证密钥分发的安全性，为广域量子密钥网络的后续相关理论与技术研究奠定了基础。

Wide-area Quantum Key Distribution Network Model Based on Trusted Relaying

In order to explore the solution of the problems of the short of knowledge and immature theoretical research about large scale,specifically wide-area,quantum key distribution network research,the structure model,the secret key model and the active model of the trusted relaying quantum key distribution network were proposed from the viewpoints of structure,inner secret key relationship and working principle respectively for the trusted relaying quantum key distribution network which is the only real practical one so far.Firstly,from the viewpoint of system theory,the quantum key distribution network was divided into five layers according to the basic principle of key relaying based on the existing structure model.The constitution of each layer and the relationship between them were explained in detail.Secondly,from the viewpoint of information theory,the quantum key distribution network was abstracted as a key information graph according to the key sharing relationship among all nodes and the node and edge were formally defined.Therefore,the secret key information in the five layers quantum key distribution network could be explained by the graph theory in details.Lastly,from the viewpoint of the cybernetics, the key distribution process was resolved into two basic parts of key relationship establishment and secrete key generation,then the works of the quantum key distribution network could be explained by the development of key information graphs.The analysis showed that the proposed quantum key distribution network model can achieve the goal of hierarchical,parallel and pipelining key distribution,and can ensure the security of key distribution,which establishes the foundation for the future theoretical and technology research.