新疆不同地区加工专用花生营养成分比较

花生生长条件和环境不同导致其品质出现差异，分析不同来源花生原料的品质有利于优化原料的选择，为花生产品加工利用提供参考。新疆南、北疆和东疆均有种植花生，但适合新疆不同地区种植的加工专用品种较少，采集新疆不同地区和内地3个省份的32个样品，对含油量、蛋白质、蔗糖、油酸/亚油酸（O/L）、蛋白亚基、氨基酸等6个指标进行测定、分析比较。结果表明，同一花生品种在不同地区种植后的营养成分含量存在一定差异，整体而言，新疆花生的含油量、蛋白质、蔗糖等指标在不同程度上优于内地，进一步分析得出花生在吐鲁番的含油量、O/L、伴花生球蛋白、总氨基酸含量最高，最高值为55.71%、35.11、37.39%、28.23 g/100 g，在阿拉尔的蛋白质、花生球蛋白含量最高，最高值为22.67 g/100 g、63.28%，在和田的蔗糖、23.5 ku亚基含量最高，为5.07 g/100 g、20.48%，在三坪的37.5 ku亚基含量最高（9.31%）。新疆不同地区不同品种花生的营养成分研究为新疆花生产业区域布局提供参考，为企业选择优质原料、建立原料基地提供依据。

Comparison of the Nutritional Composition of Peanuts Originating from Different Regions of Xinjiang for Processing

Peanut quality varies owing to growing conditions and environment. Analyzing the quality of peanuts from different origins is conducive to optimizing raw material selection and providing a reference for the processing and utilization of peanut products. Peanuts are grown in the south, north, and east of Xinjiang, but few varieties designed for processing are suitable for cultivation in different regions of Xinjiang. A total of 32 samples were collected from different regions of Xinjiang and three mainland provinces, and six indices, including the oil, protein, sucrose, protein subunit, and amino acid content, and the oleic/linoleic acid ratio were measured, analyzed, and compared. The results reveal differences in the nutrient content of the same peanut variety grown in different regions. In general, in terms of the oil, protein, and sucrose content and other indices, the peanuts from Xinjiang were better than those grown on the mainland, to varying degrees. Further analysis showed that the peanuts from Turpan had the highest oil, peanut conglobulin, and total amino acid content and oleic/linoleic acid ratio, with values of 55.71%, 37.39%, 28.23 g/100 g, and 35.11, respectively. The highest protein and peanut globulin content were observed in the peanuts from Alar (22.67 g/100 g and 63.28%, respectively). In contrast, the peanuts grown in Hotan exhibited the highest sucrose and 23.5 ku subunit content (5.07 g/100 g and 20.48%, respectively) and those from Sanping had the highest 37.5 ku subunit content (9.31%). This study on the nutritional compositions of different varieties of peanuts in different regions of Xinjiang provides a reference for the regional layout of the peanut industry in Xinjiang and a basis for enterprises to select high-quality raw materials and establish raw material bases.