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工业磷酸分解磷矿影响因素及副产物性质研究
引用本文:邵一鑫,张泽强,黄朝德,孙桦林.工业磷酸分解磷矿影响因素及副产物性质研究[J].无机盐工业,2019,51(6):49-52.
作者姓名:邵一鑫  张泽强  黄朝德  孙桦林
作者单位:1. 武汉工程大学兴发矿业学院,湖北武汉 4300742. 西部矿业股份有限公司锡铁山分公司
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(51374156);武汉工程大学研究生教育创新基金项目(CX2017052)
摘    要:为改进湿法磷酸生产工艺,提高副产磷石膏的品质,减少湿法磷酸固体副产物堆存产生的经济和环境压力,进行了工业磷酸分解磷矿制磷酸的实验,同时对固体副产物的性质进行了分析。工业磷酸分解磷矿制磷酸的工艺分为两步:第一步,工业磷酸与磷矿反应,得到磷酸二氢钙溶液和酸不溶渣;第二步,浓硫酸与磷酸二氢钙溶液反应,得到磷酸溶液和高纯石膏。采用单因素实验考察了酸比(工业磷酸用量与理论磷酸用量的物质的量的比值)、磷矿粒度、反应温度和反应时间对磷矿中磷浸出率的影响。得到磷矿酸解适宜工艺条件:酸比为6.8,磨矿细度为小于0.074mm粒级占60%,反应温度为50℃,反应时间为2.5h。在此条件下,磷矿中磷的浸出率可达87.69%。磷矿酸解制磷酸产生的固体副产物中石膏占35.32%(质量分数)、酸不溶渣占64.68%(质量分数)。制备的高纯石膏的纯度为95.80%,工业利用价值较高,有利于提高湿法磷酸固体副产物的利用率。

关 键 词:工业磷酸  分解磷矿  湿法磷酸  副产磷石膏  高纯石膏
收稿时间:2019-01-22

Research on influencing factors of industrial phosphoric acid decomposing phosphate rock and properties of by-products
Shao Yixin,Zhang Zeqiang,Huang Chaode,Sun Hualin.Research on influencing factors of industrial phosphoric acid decomposing phosphate rock and properties of by-products[J].Inorganic Chemicals Industry,2019,51(6):49-52.
Authors:Shao Yixin  Zhang Zeqiang  Huang Chaode  Sun Hualin
Affiliation:1. School of Xingfa Mining Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430074,China2. Xitieshan Branch of Western Mining Co.,Ltd.
Abstract:In order to improve the wet phosphoric acid process,enhance the quality of by-product phosphogypsum and reduce the economic and environmental pressure caused by the accumulation of solid by-products of wet phosphoric acid,an experiment was carried out to produce phosphoric acid from industrial phosphoric acid decomposing phosphate rock,at the same time,the properties of solid by-products were analyzed.The process of decomposing phosphate rock to phosphoric acid by industrial phosphoric acid was divided into two steps:The first step was the reaction of industrial phosphoric acid with phosphate rock to obtain calcium dihydrogen phosphate solution and acid-insoluble slag.The second step was to the reaction of concentrated sulfuric acid with calcium dihydrogen phosphate solution to obtain phosphoric acid solution and high purity gypsum.The effects of acid ratio(the amount-of-substance ratio of industrial phosphoric acid dosage to theortical phosphoric acid dosage),phosphate rock particle size,reaction temperature and reaction time on leaching rate were investigated by single factor test.The results showed that the suitable technological conditions for acidolysis of phosphate rock were as follows:the acid ratio was 6.8,grinding fineness less than 0.074 mm accounted for 60%,reaction temperature was 50 ℃,reaction time was 2.5 h.The leaching rate of phosphorus in phosphate rock after acid hydrolysis could reach 87.69%.In the solid by-products produced after the reaction,the mass fraction of high-purity gypsum was 35.32%,and the mass fraction of acid-insoluble slag was 64.68%.The purity of CaSO4·2H2O in high-purity gypsum was 95.80%,which was of high value for industrial use and was beneficial to increase the utilization of solid by-products of wet-process phosphoric acid.
Keywords:industrial phosphoric acid  phosphate rock decomposition  wet-process phosphoric acid  by-product phosphogyp-sum  high-purity gypsum  
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