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On the number of frames in binary words
Authors:Tero Harju Tomi Kärki
Affiliation:
  • Department of Mathematics and Turku Centre for Computer Science, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
  • Abstract:A frame is a square uu, where u is an unbordered word. Let F(n) denote the maximum number of distinct frames in a binary word of length n. We count this number for small values of n and show that F(n) is at most ⌊n/2⌋+8 for all n and greater than 7n/30−? for any positive ? and infinitely many n. We also show that Fibonacci words, which are known to contain plenty of distinct squares, have only a few frames. Moreover, by modifying the Thue-Morse word, we prove that the minimum number of occurrences of frames in a word of length n is ⌈n/2⌉−2.
    Keywords:Frame  Square  Unbordered word  Fibonacci word  Thue-Morse word
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