基于二元件ISD结构隔振机理的车辆被动悬架设计与性能研究

二元件ISD串并联结构是组成被动机械网络的基础单元，通过在单自由度系统中振动响应特性和系统参数影响的讨论，研究二元件ISD结构振动控制的隔振机理，提出二元件串并联结构的理想匹配关系和悬架结构设计的一般方法，由此设计出车辆被动ISD悬架结构，建立四分之一悬架模型，采用多目标遗传算法优化被动机械元件的参数，参照相应标准以加权车身加速度、悬架动行程和轮胎动载荷均方根值为指标，对比研究所设计的被动ISD悬架结构的工作性能。仿真结果表明，所设计的车辆被动ISD悬架结构与传统被动悬架相比，在悬架动行程均方根值基本一致的前提下，其加权车身加速度和轮胎动载荷均方根值能同时得到改善，并且有效降低了低频段车身共振偏频处各项指标的功率谱密度峰值，说明所设计的悬架结构可有效改善车辆的乘适性和安全性。

Design and performance study of vehicle passive suspension based on two-element inerter-spring-damper structure vibration isolation mechanism

Two-element Inerter-spring-damper series-parallel structures are the basic units comprising passive mechanical networks. According to the discussions about vibration response characteristics and system parameter’s influence in single quality system, vibration isolation mechanism of two-element ISD structures is researched. Ideal matching relationship of two-element series-parallel structures and general method of suspension structure design are presented. Following the method, vehicle passive ISD suspension structure is designed, and quarter-car suspension model is built also. Multi-objective genetic algorithm is used to optimize the passive mechanical elements’ parameters. By reference to the corresponding standards, with the index of weighted body acceleration, suspension working space and dynamic tyre loads’ root-mean-square values, the working performance of designed passive ISD suspension is compared. Simulation results indicate that, compared with conventional passive suspension, on the precondition of same suspension working space RMS, designed vehicle passive ISD suspension’s weighted body acceleration RMS and dynamic tyre loads RMS can be improved at the same time. In the low frequency band, each index power spectral density peak values have been decreased at body sympathetic vibration offset frequency. The research shows that designed vehicle suspension can effectively improve ride comfort and safety.