外部性理论和环境价值理论在矿山排岩收费政策中的应用

利用外部性理论、环境价值理论，提出了对矿山排岩进行收费的设想；指出了在中国．由于土地、资源等的产权在名誉上归国家所有而引发的“泛公共物品”问题，并分析了它的危害；将外部性理论应用到排岩收费政策的制定中去．并分析了庇古税理论在矿山排岩的应用中存在的没有完备的市场、外部性的量化手段不够完善、环境资源价值无法纳入主流市场、矿产产品价格粘性较大等局限性；利用环境价值理论与环境价值评估方法解决了外部性的精确量化问题，将外部性理论与环境价值理论的有机结合建立起来的排岩收费总体模型有效地避免了费用漏失和重复计算，使排污费的计算更加准确、科学。

UTILIZED THE EXTERNAL THEORY AND THE ENVIRONMENTAL VALUE THEORY ON THE POLLUTION CHARGE ON THE WASTE ROCK

Basing on the External Theory and the Environmental Value Theory, the author originated a suggestion to charge for waste rock. The pan common good's questions which was caused by that in china the property right of the earth and natural resources belonged to the nation was pointed out, and it's damage is analyzed. The external theory is applied to the establishment of the policy of charge for waste rock, and the article analyzed many questions about Pigou's theory including that it hade no self-contained market, the estimate means of exterior is not perfect, and the environmental resources value can not come into the main market, the price stickiness demolished resources' allocation efficiency; By means of the Environmental Value Theory and the environmental value evaluation methods the precise external evaluation problem was solved; The general model in which the External Theory and the Environmental Value Theory were combined avoids the leak and the repeated account of the pollution charge for waste rock, making the evaluation more clear and scientific.