山东、四川不同类型萝卜营养品质分析与综合评价

目的 研究山东、四川不同类型萝卜综合营养品质的差异。方法 以山东主产的4种类型萝卜和四川主产的3种类型萝卜为研究对象,以维生素C、莱菔素等12个营养成分和功能活性成分为品质评价指标,采用相关性分析、主成分分析与聚类分析进行综合评价。结果 绿皮绿肉萝卜的莱菔素含量显著高于其它类型萝卜(p<0.05),而山东绿皮绿肉萝卜的莱菔素含量显著高于四川绿皮绿肉萝卜(p<0.05)。综合评价显示,山东萝卜和四川萝卜显示出明显的分离,且同一产地不同类型萝卜也显示出一定的分离趋势,营养品质综合得分由高到低依次为：山东绿皮绿肉萝卜＞四川绿皮绿肉萝卜＞四川红皮白肉萝卜＞山东红皮白肉萝卜＞山东绿皮红肉萝卜＞山东白皮白肉萝卜＞四川白皮白肉萝卜。结论 山东、四川不同类型萝卜在营养品质方面存在明显差异,综合营养品质最佳的为绿皮绿肉萝卜。

Analysis and comprehensive evaluation of nutritional quality of different types of radishes in Shandong and Sichuan Province

Objective To study the difference of comprehensive nutritional quality of different types of radishes from Shandong and Sichuan Province. Methods Four types of radishes from Shandong Province and 3 types of radishes from Sichuan Province were used as research objects, 12 nutritional components and functional components, including vitamin C and sulforaphene, were used as evaluation indexes, correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate the nutritional quality of radishes, the comprehensive scores were obtained by PCA. Results The sulforaphene content in the radish with green skin and green flesh were significantly higher than those in other types of radishes (P<0.05), and the sulforaphene content in the radish with green skin and green fleshfrom Shandong Province was significantly higher than the radish with green skin and green flesh from Sichuan Province (P<0.05). The comprehensive scores of nutritional quality in order were as follow: Radish with green skin and green flesh from Shandong>radish with green skin and green flesh from Sichuan>radish with red skin and white flesh from Sichuan>radish with red skin and white flesh from Shandong>radish with green skin and red flesh from Shandong>radish with white skin and white flesh from Shandong>radish with white skin and white flesh from Sichuan. Conclusion There are obvious differences in the nutritional quality among different types of radishes from different origins, the comprehensive nutritional quality of radish with green skin and green flesh from Shandong is the best.